This current period is an period of cognition know-how. This clause is header with growth of cognition know-how in several aspect of our life"
INTRODUCTION
In now's world (IT) is all pervasive, everywhere, and in every aspect of our day to day life. Prominently service sphere involving railway, airlines, scientific and businesses establishments, Banks, universities, schools, and most unquestionably in our homes. The phrase 'IT' has many varied connotations in the same way as it has a wide spread presence. From the most mundane of things which a common man does to the most complex genius which only a techno savvy geek comprehends. Information technology can be seen and intimate in processes up services to citizens and consumers (online transactions, bookings, university admissions, professional consultations, telecommunications, consumer products etc), increasing the productiveness and efficiency of governments (computerization of government records, departments, e-cops), strengthening the legal and law enforcement systems (Judicial administration and Court Management) and in promoting the priority economic spheres (banking, agriculture, industry, merchandising and the like), involving processes of manufacturing and production chain. Possibly the superior impact Information technology has had is on blurring the time and geographical divide.
The penetration of the home computer or the microcomputer phenomenon on with the Internet has inflated the impact of IT beyond our own imagination. Thus use of Internet has given the globe a shrinkage effect. Every kinda information is only a couple of clicks away. In now's world of competition -"info" is the key word to success. Availability of right information at the right time can make all the difference. Today applicable information outweighs the price of gold. The GUI has easy one of the most complex issues in the world. Indeed, the world is undergoing a second Industrial Revolution.
Information technology now touches every aspect of life, disregardless of location on the globe. Everyone's daily activities are affected in form, content and time by the computer. Businesses, Governments and individuals all receive the benefits of this Information Revolution. While providing tangible benefits in time and money, the computer has also had an impact on everyday life, as computerised routines replace mundane human tasks. More and more of our businesses, industries, economies, hospitals and Governments are becoming conditional computers. With the computer, the up to now impossible has now become possible, The computer has allowed large volumes of data to be reduced to high-density, compact storage, nearly invisible to the human senses. It has allowed an exponential increase in speed, and even the most complex calculations can be completed in milliseconds. The miniaturisation of mainframes has permitted worldwide connectivity and communication.
WHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?
The broad subject concerned with all aspects of managing and processing information, especially inside a large organization or company. Because computers are central to information direction, computer departments inside companies and universities are often called IT departments. Some companies refer to this department as IS (Information Services) or MIS (Management Information Services). The penguin lexicon of computers defines it as "a portmanteau phrase to cowl all features of the graphics or science of processing cognition to supply info". It includes computer package, hardware, programs, and databases, semiconductor chips that put together process and produce the output. Output can be expressed in human decipherable form (printouts) or in code form (series of electronic pulses) which are further accustomed control a any other machine, tool or device. Information technology also includes networking of computers and databases exchanging and feeding information between one another.
Basic understanding of and about technology law warrants proper grasp and appreciation about technology itself. Inherently technology law, like any other emerging facts of law, is strictly inter-disciplinary in nature. Hence, it is now planned to explain and introduce some of essential and applicable aspects of IT.
Importance of IT
The grandness of IT cannot be ignored by banking and insurance spheres, except at the cost of elimination from the competition. This is so because the use of IT produces certain advantages, which are not available when the traditional and conventional methods of doing business are used. The use of IT generates the following advantages and benefits:
Ø easy handling of day to day personal business of an organization,
Ø speedy disposal of routine and daily works,
Ø assurance of authenticity, wholeness and confidentiality in the functioning of the organization,
Ø cost economy,
Ø integration and fundamental interaction with the global institutions and organizations,
Ø better communication and presentation facilities,
Ø assurance of safety sound security of the sensitive and valuable information, like trade secrets,
Ø instant transfer of data and information where the situation demands,
Ø it provides access to public documents which are digitalized by various department s of the Government,
Ø for making online payments of various bills and dues,
Ø to file statutory documents online , etc.
These benefits development of IT can be claimed by all business ventures, including banking and insurance spheres, but apart from that its advantages are claimed by various other spheres which are discussed as follow :
1. Development to Banking business,
2. Development in Forensic Science and Police Wireless
3. Development in Railways
4. Development of IT in Agriculture
5. Role of Information Technology in Alternative Dispute Redressal & Judicial recognition
6. Development of IT in Health and Medicine
1) Development to Banking business
The benefits and advantages of IT for the smooth and efficient functioning of the banking business cannot be ignored and sidelined. This is more so when a bank proposes to deal in "Internet banking " which is an important branch of IT. Its proper and organized use can bring the following advantages.
(A) Sound Payment System:
The usage of electronic means of medium of exchange resource movement and settlement is still in its stages of formative years. The various forms of electronic based payment, such as credit cards, Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), Stored Value cards, Shared Payment Network Service (SPNS) etc, are emerging at an dumfounding speed. Many Banks have made initiatives aimed at electronic modes of medium of exchange resource movement. While this is a positive development, it necessarily to be ensured that such medium of exchange resource transfers are made in a high level of security so that no unauthorized usage occurs in the newer modes being enforced by Banks. It is this area, which has been the focus of attention by the Reserve Bank - and the efforts have now resulted in the form of the Structured Financial Messaging Solution (SFMS).
The SFMS incorporates adequate securitys, including that of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), with encoding package equivalent to some of the best security in the world. The use of the SFMS over the INFINET would automatically provide safe, secure and efficient medium of exchange resource transfers with the added benefit of the settlement of inter-bank medium of exchange resource transfers taking place in the books of account of Banks, maintained with the Reserve Bank, thereby providing for decisiveness of the settlement. Further, the substance formats used in SFMS are very similar to those used by SWIFT, sequent in ease of usage by the banking community in the country. This secure electronic messaging backbone can be used for a number of intra-bank applications also.
(B) Effective Currency Management
The impact of technology on the issuances of Bank Notes and Currency Management by Central bank is apparent. The technology offers us Brobdingnagian opportunities to importantly improve our performance of this core function. Given the high value and volume of currency in circulation, the vast geographic spread of currency operations, the largest channel for the supply of currency, current marked preference for cash and currency handling practices, currency direction in India is a challenging and strenuous task. In 1999, the Reserve Bank of India declared a "Clean Note Policy" to produce improvements of the quality of notes in circulation and technology has played an indispensable role in enabling the Bank to provide better quality notes to the general public. The IT makes the task of currency direction easy, effective, economical and speedier.
2) Development in Forensic Science and Police Wireless
The modernisation and hands development of Information Technology in the Central Forensic Science Laboratories and GEQDs, which were started in the Seventh Plan, has had an Brobdingnagian development . The research areas envisaged pertain DNA finger printing; cadaver entomology; immuno-assay proficiencys; classification of hand characteristics; instrumental proficiencys for examining writing materials; computerised image processing of firearms and ammunition; development of computerised system for superimposition; immuno diagnostic proficiency, hair identification, range and time of firing and explosive analysis, etc.
It is thus expected that rapidity sophistication would be introduced by way of video- fit proficiencys, laser-tracing, holography, image processing, computer motor-assisted automatic finger print identification system and initiatives taken in new frontier areas like rhetorical psychology. Suitable structure and mechanism would be evolved for the formulation, implementation and monitoring of S&T schemes under the Forensic Science.
In the area of police wireless, the main thrust has been to reach communication link from the national capital up to rural police station through State Headquarters, Range Headquarters, and District Headquarters. This is planned to be reachd through the development of high speed substance switch, small mainframe based specifically designed computerised connectors, pocket radio system, small earth station and secrecy devices and multi-access radio telephone.
3) Development in Railways
Indian Railways is one of the largest systems in the world. It is said that IT (IT), which is being introduced into various W. C. Fields, is a key to the development in the 21st century. Technology innovative provider of the In Rule(TM) business rules engine for automating application decision logic that involves rules, calculations and dynamic user interfaces, now declared the expansion of its partner network in response to the necessarily of its growing client base. The development of information and technology shows that safety, efficiency and convenience have been improved in the areas of railway use, operations and maintenance.
This is followed by a section on a new train control system for high-density lines that uses methods for transmission information to the train about the distance to the position at which the train must stop, which is necessary for train control. This system is realised through the advanced application of IT. Unup to now, it has been impossible to realize efficient operations in high-density lines due to limitations of existing signal technology. Further IT has been used for train operation, security and ticket booking/issuing systems, must more actively apply IT to improve safety, comfort and convenience.
Therefore, we are committing research and development to prevent accidents and dramatically improve passenger services by utilizing IT to the maximum extent, to the Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI). As a means to introduce IT into various W. C. Fields of transport service, we are promoting researches to construct a "Comprehensive Transport Information Providing System." and can proceed to implement the insurance policies to make the most of info know-how.
4) Development of IT in Agriculture
Agriculture is the spine of the Indian business enterprise system. It accounts for 27% of GDP, contributes 21% of complete exports, and raw supplies to a number of industries. About two third of Indian inhabitants depends upon the agricultural sphere for his or her proficiency of livelihood. Therefore IT has a significant position to play altogether aspects of Indian agriculture. In addition to facilitating farmers in enhancing the effectiveness and productiveness of agriculture and allied actions, the potential of IT lies in delivery about an general qualitative enchancment in life by offering well regular and superiority info inputs for resolution making. The personnel who work for the welfare of Indian farmers, corresponding to extension staff, wouldn't have entry to newest info which hinders their capacity to serve the farming group successfully. In the context nonagricultural, the potential of IT will be assessed loosely underneath two heads:
a) as a package for direct contribution to agricultural productiveness
and
b) as an oblique package for empowering farmers to take cognitionable and superiority choices which may have constructive influence on the best way agriculture and allied actions are performed.
5) Role of Information Technology in Alternative Dispute Redersal and Judicial Recognition
Information know-how supplies alternatives to facilitate communication so help in bar and administration of disputes. ADR providers can use info know-how to supply info to events in case of disputes come up between the events and additionally to enhance and substitute for, conventional info system. Information know-how may play a invaluable position in supporting the standard of ADR follow by simpler supervision, evaluation, coaching, info administration, analysis and analysis.
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